Vlsi Based Accident Information and Car Security System

Abstract: VLSI based Accident information and car security system deals with the concern of saving the victim , who get trapped in accident and also about the car security. Accident of the car is detected using pressor sensors which are fixed in car. Accident information to the nearest hospital is carried out with the help of RF communication. The location of the car is found using the GPS technique. The security of car is ensured by using password. The theft information is sent to the owner’s mobile using GSM module. The ultimate design of the project is in VLSI. FPGA is used to interface these modules. Keywords: Very Large Scale Integration, Global Positioning System, Global System for Mobile Communication. I.INTRODUCTION: The†¦show more content†¦By comparing the codes, the time difference between the satellite generated the code and the receiver generated the code can be determined. This interval is the travel time of the code. Multiplying this travel time, in seconds, by 186,000 miles per second gives the distance from the receiver position to the satellite in miles. D. Increased accuracy by using differential gps: A technique called differential correction is necessary to get accuracies within 1 -5 meters, or even better, with advanced equipment. Differential correction requires a second GPS receiver, which is a base station, collecting data at a stationary position at a precisely known point (typically it is a surveyed benchmark). Because the physical location of the base station is known, the correction factor can be computed by comparing the known location with the GPS location determined by using the satellites.The differential correction process takes this correction factor and applies it to the GPS data collected by a GPS receiver in the field. Differential correction eliminates most of the errors listed in the GPS Error Budget discussed earlier. III.GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. GSM service is used by over 2 billion people across more than 212 countries andShow MoreRelatedAsaaaa3527 Words   |  15 PagesLOGIN SEARCH ACTIVE TOPICS Electrical, Electronics Communication Projects Projects Q A, Guidance for your projects  » Projects Forum  » Electrical, Electronics Communication Projects Ads by Google Alarm Monitoring System Alarm House Alarm System Telephone System Topic: ECE Mini Projects Found this useful? Give a +1 Free Project Downloads 12 Add to Facebook: Get Free Electronics (ECE) / Electrical (EEE) Project Downloads: Electronics Project Download ECE Mini Project Downloads

The Effects Of Diabetic Retinopathy On Mice - 827 Words

For as long as I can remember, I was always fascinated with how things worked. I’d take apart electronics simply to learn about them and reassemble them afterwards. If I would receive a piece of technology, the first thing I’d do is dismantle its hardware and software to learn how it worked and how I could improvement. However, I noticed that something was missing— electronics never had the close-knit relationship with people; you were essentially working with machines; you’d input a command and you’d know what the output was each and every time. By the time I had started high school, I had become increasingly interested in medicine when I took my first anatomy and physiology course. This ultimately led me to pursue various clinical and research opportunities when I started college. From my first year at Xavier University, my adviser gave me the opportunity to begin researching the effects of diabetic retinopathy in mice. Being from Illinois and now going to school in New Orleans, I never knew just how big of an issue diabetes was in the South. My research in my adviser’s lab helped relate what I had learned from my BCPM courses with what I had observed in my clinical experiences and what I was exposed to socially. I was able to see that medicine was about finding new avenues to deliver treatment and improve quality of life. This allowed me to solidify what I had learned in lecture and see its immediate effects by integrating it into my lab practices. By presenting atShow MoreRelatedCauses And Effect Of Warning Signs1337 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition bodily effects warning signs target groups treatments Type 1 a condition in which the body cannot produce insulin increased risk of heart disease, nerve damage, retinopathy etc. increased thirst or hunger,dry mouth, fatigue, unexplained weight loss appears from infancy to 30s, having a father with type 1 diabetes, being ill in early infancy insulin injections Type 2 the body is able to produce insulin but cannot utilize it increased risk of heart disease, nerve damage, retinopathy etc. increasedRead MoreDiabetes : A Disease That Occurs Because Of Insufficient Insulin Production1308 Words   |  6 Pagesand extreme fatigue. Children with type 1 diabetes may be restless, apathetic, and have trouble functioning at school. In severe cases, diabetic coma can be the first sign of type 1 diabetes. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels fall below normal. Symptoms and signs include sweating, hunger, trembling, confusion, and rapid heartbeat. Short term effect of diabetes is hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Hypoglycemia is when there is low blood glucose in the body. It develops when there isRead MoreDiabetes : A Major Concern For Health Care System1348 Words   |  6 PagesPresently, diabetes is a major concern for health care system across the world. Diabetes is a disease that is characterized by either low levels of insulin or an abnormal resistance to the effects of insulin coupled with inadequate levels of insulin secretion to balance. The three major divisions of diabetes are type one, type two, and gestational. The first subclass of diabetes, type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is usually characterized clinically by abrupt onset of symptomsRead MoreReaction Paper On Type 2 Diabetes968 Words   |  4 PagesBGF is an independent high mortality risk factor for diabetic patients due to vascular complications 26, 27. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is unclear. In para llel, miRs are known as key mediators in multiple physiological and pathological conditions, but their involvement in the detrimental effects of BGF is unknown. The objective of the present study was double: first, we aimed to confirm the detrimental effects of BGF on vascular endothelial complications in typeRead MoreComplications and Prevalence of Diabetes1391 Words   |  6 Pagesto insufficient insulin production or to the inability of cells to respond to insulin. Diabetes can cause a lot of long-term complications that affect different parts of the body. It can cause eye complications such as glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and blindness. Foot complications that can lead to amputation can also result from uncontrolled diabetes. Skin infections and disorders are more common to people with diabetes. 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(1, 2) Insulin is a hormone which is produced and distributed into the bloodstreamRead MoreEffects of Herbal Drugs on Blood Glucose2048 Words   |  8 PagesObjective: There are some studies about the good effects of herbal drugs on blood glucose . This clinical trial was designed to evaluate the synergism effect of Peganum harmala,Quercus infectoria,Vaccinium myrtillus, Citrullos colocynthis, Securigera securidaca with different nature on blood glucose . Methods: Twenty qualified type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this cross over double- blinded clinical trial for receiving two months drug and also two months placebo. The subjects divided intoRead MoreHow Does Diabetes Mellitus Affect The Individual s Morbidity And Mortality3894 Words   |  16 Pagesby the pancreas, specifically the islets of Langerhans, is very critical through the secretion of insulin and glucagon. Insulin, which is secreted from beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in response to high blood glucose levels, has an anabolic effect via its stimulation of glucose uptake in peripheral, skeletal muscle, as well as central, brain, tissues to be stored in the form of glycogen and fat [2]. On the other hand, low glucose levels enhance pancreatic alpha cells secretion of Glucagon that

Health Economics and Comparative Health- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theHealth Economics and Comparative Health. Answer: Introduction The burden of asthma is fur felt not only in Australia but also globally with many countries developing strategies to tackle this economic challenge. The economics of asthma is related to the cost that is attributed to management, medication and other indirect costs that also contributes to the economic impact of asthma felt on the population of Australia. This is also similar to other countries and globally as asthma becomes global disease (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 2014). Asthma cause lifelong condition that needs high medical attention in the life of a person diagnosed with uncontrolled asthma. Studies indicate that asthma affects people from all walks of life cutting across all genders and age groups within a population. For instance, data shows that children under the age of 5 years experience the incidence of asthma at the rate of 23 per 1000 each year. This is also true to those aged between 12 and 17 that has an incidence of 44 per 1000 annually. Given these number of patients suffering from asthma the productivity of such individuals is related to their health status at the workplace. This is based on the fact that those patients affected with the burden of asthma are unproductive as compared those healthy ones. When making a comparison with other countries, there are similarities in terms of cost related to management of uncontrolled asthma and the challenges it poses to the productivity of each individual (National Health and Medical Research Council, 2015). Body Economics of asthma in Australia The economic burden of asthma can be explored based on the cost that can be attributed to asthma. This cost can be categorized into direct cost, indirect cost and intangible cost that is also associated with the burden of uncontrolled asthma. Direct cost The direct cost of uncontrolled asthma includes the cost of asthma management, treatment cost, and other direct costs. The cost of asthma management refers to all the cost that is attributed to the cost that is required for medication when the patient visited the doctor for medical services. The economics of asthma in Australia indicates that asthma is one of the diseases that have overburden patients leading to loss of funds through management. For instance, the data available indicates that the cost for prescribed pharmaceuticals in 2015 alone total to $263 per person in Australia (NHIS, 2012). This statistics also differs depending on different age groups across the population that affected by the burden of asthma. The direct cost associated with asthma can also be studied based on the cost incurred when patients are admitted to the hospital. Many Australians suffering from asthma often spend a huge amount of money for inpatients. Patients are admitted to hospitals that may be private or public hospitals under high expenditure that is estimated to be more than $102 per person within Australia annually. The cost of hospital admission is also high given that about 3.8% of the adults are admitted with asthma-related complications as compared to 4.9% cases of children. This cost also considers the number of admissions experienced within the emergency departments where most patients sometimes are admitted as primary care. Of the total number of patients admitted in the emergency department children mostly age between o-18 years account for 3.5 % (Reddel et al, 2012). Indirect cost associated with uncontrolled asthma The burden of uncontrolled asthma can also be studied based on the indirect cost include work-related costs, early mortality costs. Firstly, asthma patients have work-related problems that are also connected frequent hospital admission and medication. Work-related issues as an indirect cost of the asthma burden are felt in many sectors throughout Australia leading to low productivity of those patients. The reduction of productivity of those people diagnosed with asthma especially due to continuous medication results in economic challenges not only at the family level but also at the industry level. Secondly, the early mortality rate is also common among those patients diagnosed with acute asthma. The mortality of asthma reduces the number of people that would otherwise productive leading to the economic sabotage. Moreover, the mortality of the patients with uncontrolled asthma causes the families to lose a huge amount of funds in the event that patients under heavy medication die (Ma rks et al, 2007). Intangible cost of uncontrolled asthma Intangible costs of uncontrolled asthma include quality of life, pain, limited physical activities and job changes. Firstly, one of the intangible costs that are associated with asthma is the poor quality of life that indirectly affects the economic productivity of the patient. Uncontrolled asthma generally attached to the poor quality of life as patients continuously under medication and often are under emergency hospital admission. The poor quality of life is also common due to other health-related problems. Secondly, asthma complications are also associated with pain as patients require frequent hospitalization and medication. Thirdly, limited physical activities are another intangible cost that is also associated with the burden of asthma. Asthma reduces the physical body activities that also make the patient experience other health-related problems. The reduced body activities are also characterized by the low economic productivity of those individuals with uncontrolled asthma ( Lai et al, 2013). The cost of comorbidities The asthma is also characterized by many comorbidities that also has similar cost as the cost of asthma itself. The impact due to comorbidity is highly felt in areas with minimal or limited primary health care. This due to the inability of the patient to treat or have medication to tackle the diseases related to asthma. Some of the comorbidity that is linked to asthma includes psychiatric diseases, rhinitis, cardiac diseases and sleep apnea. For instance, 10% of asthma patients have sinusitis while 60% of these asthma patients also have rhinitis. In order to control asthma, there is need to control the comorbidity thereby affecting the cost of managing asthma. Moreover, asthma complications often result in high treatments that are similar or reaching the cost of asthma. This implies control of comorbidity to the level of less than 50% will control asthma to the same level (Yelin, et al, 2007). Parties that bear the cost of asthma This cost or burden of asthma is distributed across various parties within the stakeholder's categories. Firstly, the federal government bears the cost or burden of asthma diseases based on the MBS and PBS programs run by the government. It is estimated that the two programs cost a total of $515.6 million per year to fund this initiative (Masoli, Fabian, Holt Beasley, 2008). Secondly, the cost of asthma is also felt by the state or territory governments that fund various hospitals bearing the cost of treating asthma-related disease. This is estimated to cost over $335 million annually depending on the number of hospitals funded each year. Thirdly, individuals and families of those patients also bear the cost through spending on medications and hospital admissions co-payments. This is also a huge payment that can be estimated to near $221.7 million per year. Lastly, another group that also bears the cost that attributed to asthma are private health insurance and charities that also t ake part in funding asthma-related expenditures and this can be estimated to cost more than $173.1 million per year (Stow et al, 2007). Economic of impact of asthma Based on the evidence of asthma burden on both the family and economy, in general, all the direct, indirect and intangible cost of asthma burden or cost has an impact on the economy of Australia. This economic impact can be felt at personal, family and at national (Masoli, Fabian, Holt Beasley, 2008). At the personal level, the economic impact of asthma is very severe that leaves some individual facing high economic challenges. The cost of management and medication of asthma poses an economic threat to personal finances as many funds are directed to treatment and management of asthma. Asthma mortality has a high economic impact on the countrys economy since the mortality causes the death of productive and economically viable population (National Asthma Council Australia, 2015). At the family level, the economic impact of asthma is heavily felt as most family members normally contribute their finance to the last penny. For instance, it is projected that asthma kills more than 180000 annually. This has a high impact on the overall productivity since some this people dying from asthma or asthma-related deaths reduce the number of employees (Masoli, Fabian, Holt Beasley, 2008). At the national level, the impact of asthma is severe due to a reduction in the productivity resulting from more absenteeism. The reduction of the number of absenteeism resulting from asthma-related hospital admission or asthma-related complications. Data indicate that asthma patients normally report high absenteeism from work and this has a high economic impact on the overall productivity. Based on the evidence on the cost of asthma in case of limited finance, most of the families that are unable to manage asthma resulting to poverty and economic challenges to such families and individuals. At the national level, the impact of asthma can also be extended to the global level where the disease has been expressed as a matter of concern. And this is due to its economic impact at the global level. The burden of asthma in the United States of America is quite similar to Australia A data from the United States of America shows a similar case of asthma to Australia though the number is a little different. In America, the number of patients diagnosed with asthma is estimated to be over 40 million translating to 8% of the total population. The prevalence of asthma is currently around 18% and this number is almost the same globally (Mukherjee et al, 2014). The asthma is associated with an economic burden that cut across the entire age groups. The number of those patients with uncontrolled is worrying due to the continuously increasing number of those patients. By 2011 the total expenditure on asthma-related complications or medications is estimated to be $56 billion increasing from $12 billion in 1994. This in general shows that the medical expenditure for asthma patients is much higher as compared to patients with other diseases. This is due to continuous spending that is common for those patients with asthma as compared to those patients with other diseases (Sul livan et al, 2014). Direct cost for asthma The expenditure of asthma within the United States can be broken down based on different periods of time. The expenditure for each year includes increases by $5322 from $3802 during the period between 2004 and 2006 as compared to between 1996 and 1998 (Jang, Gary, Huang Sullivan, 2013). This was represented by actual costs of $861 to $1174 as compared to $974 to $ 2010. The cost of burden resulting from asthma continues to increase each year in a huge amount. Increasing spending due to medication is cited in all instances as the driver for the high cost of asthma management. This is also different when compared to the cost attributed to emergency or hospitalization cost in general. The direct cost when hospital admission is evaluated shows that 20% of patients with asthma get admitted into hospital facilities at the rate of 3.6 days per hospital (Qin et al, 2012). Indirect cost associated with asthma The indirect cost that is associated with asthma is common with a reduced number of days that most employees are absent from work each year. For instance, during the period of 2002 to 2007, a total of $56 billion productivity losses were lost due to morbidity coupled with another $3.8 billion loss due to mortality of employees. This show the tremendous loses due to absenteeism or mortality of the employee caused by asthmatic related complications in the United States. The poor quality of life is another indirect cost that is associated with asthma medication or management. A life full of comorbidity and exacerbation of asthma symptoms that necessitate the need for medication hospital visits. This reduces the productivity of such individual thereby reducing companys production as employees suffering from asthma are paid though has limited hospital commitments (Lee et al, 2011). United Kingdom The United Kingdom is another country that can be compared to Australia when comparing the burden of asthma. The economics of asthma in the United Kingdom differs abet from that of Australia since the health structure in the UK can allow the patient to restrict constraints resulting from the cost of diseases such as asthma. In the United Kingdom, asthma is treated as the primary cause of budget burden witnessed within the primary health care system. This cost is also coupled with over 4 million consultations by medical personnel each year. In the UK it is estimated that over 400 patients are admitted to the hospital facilities with asthma-related issues that require medication and subsequently huge payment. This number translates to combine effort of over 330000 people affected by patients with asthma annually. Upon evaluating the economic implication of the number, nearly over $5 billion is dedicated to treatment or management of asthma and asthma-related complications. The governme nt, on the other hand, is estimated to fund the health service through the amount estimated to cost over $ billion. Similarly, 50% of the total expenditure on the management of uncontrolled asthma among the population is contributed by patients and their families (Mukherjee et al, 2014). The indirect cost of asthma The effect of asthma and the economics of asthma within the United Kingdom can be directly compared to that of Australia though the two countries are dissimilar. The economics of asthma reveals a worrying trend in the employment sectors as many employees with asthma have reduced the number of working days per year. When calculated in terms of working days the number of working days that are lost each year total to about 20 million. Secondly, patients with asthma sometimes show an inability to work or premature disabilities despite the low mortality rate in the United Kingdom. Early mortality is also common in the country as compared to Australia. The overage absenteeism is 5.6 days for those patients treated at home as compared to 13 days that are lost due to hospitalization (GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators, 2016). Comparison health analysis There are many similarities on the economic impact of asthma in Australia and United States. Firstly, both direct costs are similar and this shows that direct cost includes medication that is felt on the treatment of asthma patients (Miles Peters, 2014). Secondly, the structure laid out in the health management of asthma in American presents many similarities. However, the United Kingdom being another country facing the similar economic impact of asthma has a dissimilar structure as most of the asthma medication is directed using insurance and funding organizations that offload the burden of asthma (Azevedo et al, 2014). For instance, in the United Kingdom, a reasonable amount of money is devoted to the consultation services as compared to the Australian asthma economics that has the huge amount of money devoted to treatment and management of asthma. Rebuttal Despite the economic challenges caused by asthma, there are also ways to reduce these economic impacts of asthma on health system and country in general. Two strategies to ensure that there is reduction of the economic impact of asthma on population include prevention and early treatment (GINA, 2014). Firstly, early treatment for patients diagnosed with asthma is one way to reduce economic impact of asthma since it reduces the number of comorbidities associated with asthma. Secondly, there are a number of preventive strategies that are been laid down to reduce the economic impact of asthma that is felt due to uncontrolled asthma. This strategy has been developed by the government through health care department though the overall plan remains a challenge to implement (Stow et al, 2007). Conclusion In conclusion, the economic burden of the uncontrolled asthma is felt both at the national level and at the global level. Asthma is a condition that results in poor quality of life characterized by continuous medication and hospitalization leading to low economic productivity. Asthma burden is also felt due to its mortality that makes the family lose economically viable individuals. Uncontrolled asthma has direct cost, indirect cost, intangible costs and cost attributed to treating of comorbidity. This cost has both direct and indirect economic impact on the family finances and to some extent the economics of Australia. The comparison analysis indicates that there are many similar costs attributed to uncontrolled asthma that can be felt in Australia and America. The situation is different in the United Kingdom, where there is health care system structure laid down that is different from that of Australia. Reference Azevedo L.F., et al, (2014), Operational definitions of asthma in recent epidemiological studies are inconsistent. Clin Transl Allergy, 4:24. Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), (2014), Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. Update 2014 and Online Appendix. Available at: https://www.ginasthma.org. Global Asthma Report 2014, (2014), available at https://www.globalasthmareport.org/resources/Global_Asthma_Report_2014N978-0-473-29126-6. Accessed 12 Nov 2014. GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (2016), Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 19802015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet. 388 (10053): 14591544. Jang, J., Gary C.K.C, Huang, H. Sullivan, S.D. (2013), Trends in cost and outcomes among adult and pediatric patients with asthma: 2000-2009. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 111:51622. Lai, C.K., et al, (2013), Asthma Insights and Reality in Asia-Pacific Steering Committee. Asthma control in the Asia-Pacific region: the Asthma Insights and Reality in Asia-Pacific Study. Journal of Allergy Clin Immunol, 111:2638. Lee, Y.H., et al, (2011), Economic burden of asthma in Korea. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2011;32:3540. Marks, G.B., et al, (2007), Asthma management and outcomes in Australia: a nation -wide telephone interview survey, Respirology, 12(2): 212-219. Masoli, M., Fabian, D., Holt, S. Beasley, R. (2008), Global initiative for asthma (GINA) Program. The global burden of asthma: executive summary of the GINA dissemination committee report. Allergy. 2008;59:46978. Miles, M.C. Peters S.P. (2014), Asthma, https://www.msdmanuals.com/en-au/professional/pulmonary-disorders/asthma-and-related-disorders/asthma, accessed July 2015. Mukherjee M, et al, (2014), Burden and True Cost of Asthma in the UK Research Team. Estimating the incidence, prevalence and true cost of asthma in the UK: secondary analysis of national stand-alone and linked databases in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales - a study protocol. BioMedical Journal Open. 2014;4:e006647. National Asthma Council Australia (2015), Australian Asthma Handbook, https://www.asthmahandbook.org.au/, accessed July 2015. National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (2012), Data, Statistics, and Surveillance. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/nhis/2012/data.htm. Accessed 22 Oct 2014. National Health and Medical Research Council (2015), Asthma research funding summary, https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/grants-funding/research-funding-statistics-and-data/asthma-nhpa, accessed August 2015. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (2014), What is asthma? https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/asthma, accessed July 2015. Qin, X., et al, (2012), Asthma incidence among children and adults: findings from the behavioral risk factor surveillance system asthma call-back surveythe United States, 20062008. Journal of Asthma, 2012; 49:1622. Reddel, H.K., et al, (2012), Trends in the prevalence of asthma in Australia, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 185: A3241. Stow, P.J., et al, (2007), improved outcomes from acute severe asthma in Australian intensive care units (19962003), Thorax, 62(10): 842-847. Sullivan, P.W., et al, (2014), The relationship between asthma, asthma control and economic outcomes in the United States. Journal of Asthma, 51:76978. Vos, T., et al, (2015), Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 19902013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013,The Lancet,S0140-6736(15)60692-4. Yelin, E. et al, (2007), Work life of persons with asthma, rhinitis, and COPD: a study using a national, population-based sample, Journal of Occupational Medicine, 1:2.

International Review Business Management †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Review Business Management? Answer: Introducation Yes, I entirely agree with the author. The reason behind my agreement is the fact, which is being displayed by the author. The author has rightly said that companies are now more focussed on CSR activities. This is because the community is now aware of the different facts related to the environmental values. They also have access to different opinions of other people, which help them in educating over a particular point (Walmsley and Lewis 2014). For example, people have come to know the harmfulness of carbon particles, which are assimilating with the air in an incremented trend with passage of time. Such awareness has brought a revolution as more and more companies are now trying to save them in environmental related cause. One of such examples is the introduction of electric cars, which has been introduced as an alternate of gas run vehicles. Moreover, electric cars have been introduced because it is supposed to emit less carbon particles (Zivin, Kotchen and Mansur 2014). The organisation where I am currently working is also being influenced by the CSR related facts. They have started taking care of the disposal such as disposing them at the appropriate place. They are also trying to keep the office premise tidy and clean in order to protect their employees safe from any bacterial effect. Confirmation Bias and Affect Bias are the two with which I was much related. Anchoring Bias, Saliency Bias and Risk Bias are the three with which I am least aware of. Anchoring Bias is the one bias, which is in high practice in my organisation. I was initially not aware of the different types of biases; however, the five biases outlined by the Kahneman et al (2011, cited in Johnson et al, 2014) let me understand that Anchoring Bias is in use in my organisation. It has mixed impacts on the overall performance of my company. The managers in my organisation are successful in making decision with the use of anchoring bias; however, it is also dislodging the faiths of employees on the management. Employees have least respect to the managers, which is indeed not a good sign for a progressive trend. There should be a balanced relationship between the managers and the employees. Force can make others to work but the same force can never stop many to stay with the organisation (Awadh and Alyahya 2013). Such circumstances would give birth to rebellion thoughts in significant numbers. Nevertheless, this is never good for an organisation no matter what the size of the organisation is that it has employees who have rebellion thoughts for their management (Palmer 2014). The role of a motivator has interested me a lot. I love to motivate others who are working under me. I have my own style of working, which is bit different to professional motivators. However, it is very much expected, as there can never be a same style of motivating role. Different people have different approaching styles, which also affect their motivational approach (Mller, Geraldi and Turner 2012). To some extent the team role profile that excites me a lot have its usefulness in my current role in my organisation. However, the scopes are limited because I am not working there as a professional motivating coach. My working domain is limited and so my work as a motivational coach. I am more related with the production team, which is why the role of motivator has very limited scope for me though I enjoy doing this. However, I spend some time with my friends and listen to their process related issues. I then try to resolve their issues with help from my understanding, which I have developed into me in my long time association with my organisation. I love this job because I get some time to interact with people, which is exciting to me. It is necessary to do such stuffs while being at the workplace. This helps release the work pressure to some extent (Newman 2012). I did learn a lot from the team role test. The test enabled me to go know insight of me, which I had never cared before. I never actually looked at things as such I did it now. There are some positive points in me, which I came to know after going through the role test. Some of such positives are honesty, respectful, kindness, energetic and hard worker. These all aspects are fruitful to any cause, which is why I think that I must continue with all the likes of such characteristics in me. I need to bring in some changes in me as well. I am very reserved, which makes things difficult for me to dissolve with my rest team members. Such thing should never be a part of life, as this would affect the team performance (Rajhans 2012). Friendly working atmosphere is of utmost importance for letting the team to success. Moreover, this would also help me progress with my tenure in my organisation. This is because sometime when there is a problem, it requires assistance of others. In my case, I would not be able to reach to anybody in my team seeking the required help. Learning agility is the one, which stood out to me. This is because it helps to build up the leadership quality in an individual. The leadership journey is very influencing as it guides to some necessary steps that truly affects the leadership construction in an individual. The research is very helpful in understanding the leadership journey. I am an employee; however, I have never ever thought of leadership status because I could not relate myself with it. The leadership journey has helped me know that it is very much gettable. The only thing is required is to be patient with the career progress. I need to explore many opportunities that are there in for me in my organisation. The research has helped me know few important aspects of a leadership journey such as learning agility at the different levels in life. Learning agility is something that encourages learning something and designing a position, which is presently beyond of reach; however, it can be attained with the help from the leadership journey graph (DeRue, Ashford and Myers 2012). The graph instructs on some other important points such as openness to experience, values experience etc. One of the challenges, which my organisation might face, is to maintain a highest standard of customer service while entering the blue ocean strategy. Blue ocean strategy refers to a new and uncontested market, which has never been thought before (Strategy 2015). For example, the introduction of Nano cars by Tata is a good example of blue ocean strategy (Singh and Srivastava 2012). Blue ocean strategy in my business case would look like a service firm that has its objective to give an utmost importance to customer service. My business firm is related to the marketing stuffs. My company do have clients who hire us for doing promotion. The blue ocean strategy for my firm would be to introduce a new format of promotional stunt, which had never been thought before. However, such strategy would remain in the blue ocean market for few moments. Once things start working well for the concept, other companies would also be attracted towards the concept. There is a requirement to maintain an utmost standard for the customer service, which would definitely depend on the way we interact to our clients and deliver the service. Eastern organisations are much more ethical than the western organisations. This can be understood in numerous ways. One of such example is of labour exploitation, which is higher in western countries. They exploit labours from the other parts of world. They pay less to the foreign labours; however, those labours do the same hard work as done by the local labours. They are also exploiting labours in other parts of world such as with their subsidiary branches. One of such example is of Unilever in Pakistan. The company had not paid the entire amount to the labours. Additionally, the company hired few part timers. They were made to work like full timers but they were treated as part timers while paying wages to them (Wilshaw et al. 2013). Additionally, they are not careful to the rivers, which they pollute with the wastages of manufacturing plants. Another such example is of drug, which the foreign companies use it for the business purpose. They purposefully add chemicals to drugs, whi ch should never been sold to the patients. Despite the fact, they are circulating such drugs just for the sake of business. The healthcare industry has become a good resource to business, which is benefitting the health care centres, the doctors, the Pharmacy companies and the administrative body of hospitals (Bagley 2012). Outsourcing has become a significant option for organisations across the globe. They have viewed this as a solution to cut down on the production cost. This is because outsourcing is available at the most cheaper rate in some developing countries such as India (Chang and Gurbaxani 2012). It has been a good experience with the outsourcing in my company. My company has outsources some of its marketing stuffs to third party companies in order to reduce the work pressure and enhance the customer service standard. It was a good learning experience. This is because it helped me learn a lot about the facts, which is related with the outsourcing business. There is a risk related with the customer service standard because parent companies do not have their direct control over the outsourcing companies. The communication gap because of the physical distances in between the company and the outsourcing firms is a major resource to poor service quality (Sharpe 2013). However, it was still outsourced few of the businesses because it helps in reducing the work pressure, which was growing on my company with the addition of new clients. There is an utmost requirement to facilitate an enhanced involvement in the outsourcing business. Yes, I agree but the process involved in the evaluation process is very different. This is because the working culture is different. The parameters more or less would remain the same with both kinds of evaluation; however, there must be little differences in some terms such as assimilating with the cultures. It is difficult to understand the working culture of other countries. For example, the working culture of Australia is very different to that of Japan. A manager working in Australia would have high freedom. The one would not be expected to be in formal attire strictly; however, in case of Japan, managers and other employees would require to be strictly within the formal attire (Bochner 2013). This discussion is very important to understand the difficulties that might come underway while evaluating the works of foreign managers. The different way of working would have different level of productivity, which is very difficult to understand before the performance review is done. Mor eover, performance review can be done in numerous ways such as quarterly and half-yearly. Mining, finance insurance and foods beverages are the three sectors where Australia could get the benefits from FDI. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is beneficial due to many reasons. This contributes in the betterment of different infrastructures, which are used for making investments on. This enhances the employability rate in the country. This is also a very good resource to the betterment of different industries, as this would generate the required funds for the respective sectors (Roy, Shah and Sharma 2017). FDI is beneficial from many perspectives; however, this is less beneficial when the Australian dollar becomes stronger. A stronger Australian dollar would mean a high return to the foreign investors; however, this would also mean a reduced return to Australia (Gorodnichenko, Svejnar and Terrell 2014). FDI has many benefits in the local country. One of such benefits is the employability, which has become a global challenge. An incrementing FDI in the local country gives boost to the employability. It also improves the economy as it explores the hidden opportunity such as the mining industry in Australia (Gorodnichenko, Svejnar and Terrell 2014). The long term effects of a country, which is trying to restrict the outflows of FDI is the betterment of economy, high returns on the investments and an elevated investment in the different industrial sector (Roy, Shah and Sharma 2017). References Awadh, A.M. and Alyahya, M.S., 2013. Impact of organizational culture on employee performance.International Review of Management and Business Research,2(1), p. Bagley, B., 2012. Drug trafficking and organized crime in the Americas.Woodrow Wilson Center Update of the Americas. Bochner, S. ed., 2013.Cultures in contact: Studies in cross-cultural interaction(Vol. 1). Elsevier. Chang, Y.B. and Gurbaxani, V., 2012. Information technology outsourcing, knowledge transfer, and firm productivity: An empirical analysis.MIS quarterly,36(4). DeRue, D.S., Ashford, S.J. and Myers, C.G., 2012. Learning agility: In search of conceptual clarity and theoretical grounding.Industrial and Organizational Psychology,5(3), pp.258-279. Gorodnichenko, Y., Svejnar, J. and Terrell, K., 2014. When does FDI have positive spillovers? Evidence from 17 transition market economies.Journal of Comparative Economics,42(4), pp.954-969. Mller, R., Geraldi, J. and Turner, J.R., 2012. Relationships between leadership and success in different types of project complexities.IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,59(1), pp.77-90. Newman, K.S., 2012. The great recession and the pressure on workplace rights.Chi.-Kent L. Rev.,88, p.529. Palmer, C.A., 2014.Freedom's Children: The 1938 Labor Rebellion and the Birth of Modern Jamaica. UNC Press Books. Rajhans, K., 2012. Effective organizational communication: A key to employee motivation and performance.Interscience Management Review,2(2), pp.81-85. Roy, A., Shah, M. and Sharma, R., 2017. Need for Foreign Investment.Journal of Accounting, Finance Marketing Technology,1(1), pp.18-21. Sharpe, D., 2013. Why the resistance to statistical innovations? Bridging the communication gap.Psychological methods,18(4), p.572. Singh, S. and Srivastava, P., 2012. The turnaround of Tata Nano: reinventing the wheel.Vision,16(1), pp.45-52. Strategy, B.O., 2015. Blue Ocean Strategy. Walmsley, D.J. and Lewis, G.J., 2014.People and environment: Behavioural approaches in human geography. Routledge. Wilshaw, R., Unger, L., Quynh, C.D. and Thu, T.P., 2013. Labour Rights in Unilever's Supply Chain: From compliance to good practice. An Oxfam study of labour issues in Unilever's Viet Nam operations and supply chain.Oxfam Policy and Practice: Private Sector,10(1), pp.1-108. Zivin, J.S.G., Kotchen, M.J. and Mansur, E.T., 2014. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of marginal emissions: Implications for electric cars and other electricity-shifting policies.Journal of Economic Behavior Organization,107, pp.248-268.

Behavioral Aspects of People essays

Behavioral Aspects of People essays Have you ever wondered why you do something in a particular way? Or even why your family members act a certain way different from you? For years, it has been an age-old question. There are many reasons for this occurrence. Generally, they are because of physical appearance, emotional aspects, and society. Everyday, people judge each other on physical appearance. The way a person looks can determine an individuals behavior. Positive behavior towards physical appearance would be making new relationships, talking to people of different backgrounds, and helping someone in need. Negative behavior would be abusing somebody, whether it is verbally or physically, ending up in jail because of something you did, or making someone feel threatened just because you feel that they dont meet your standards of beauty. Emotional aspects also contribute to peoples behavior. For example, if an individual feels angry about something, he or she might let it out on somebody who didnt deserve it. On the other hand, if an individual portrays a positive behavior towards a person, it might help them in the long road. For example, my friend, Erica, was going to a job interview. Just before she walks into the building, somebody walks by looking depressed and down. She tries to lighten up their spirits with a joke and it worked. She enters the building and goes for her interview. Just as she enters the door, she sees the person she just joked with earlier. It is her interviewer and she gets the job because of what she did. Society is the hardest thing to face in any aspect of life. When society has been mixed with media, religion, and politics, people can behave in many different ways. Society can cause people to argue, fight, cheat, steal or kill for what society has said is right. On the other hand, society can make people more confident about themselves and others, open people to new ideas and express themselves in positive ways...

Romeo and Juliet short summary Essay Example

Romeo and Juliet short summary Essay Example Romeo and Juliet short summary Paper Romeo and Juliet short summary Paper From forth the fatal loins of these two foes A pair of star-crossed lovers takes their life; Whose misadventured piteous over throws Doth with their death bury their parents strife. Romeo and Juliet, a play of death marked love. Yet is the love presented realistic and believable? As important as love is to life and existence, the play is wholly based on love and its many forms. The time in history in which Romeo and Juliet is set, contributes to the play, and creates a realistic situation. Arranged marriages and marrying young plays a strong part in the play. This historical context goes against our modern society making the understanding of the play difficult for a modern audience to comprehend. Family relationships in the play are variable. The relationship between Capulet and lady Capulet is one of leadership, for example; A crutch, a crutch! Why call you for a sword? This question is spoken by lady Capulet and directed towards Capulet. It gives the effect that she has power or leadership over him. But in response Capulet over rules her question, which creates a sense of competition with leadership; My sword I say! Old Montague is come and flourishes his blade in spite of me. To show lady Capulet and Capulets love for each other they agree over Juliets sudden out burst over her arranged marriage to Paris. One occasion in this scene Capulet speaks to lady Capulet; Soft! Take me with you, take me with you, wife. Montague and lady Montague do not compete with each other and their son Romeo. Lady Montague says; thou shalt not stir one foot to seek a foe. She does not want any violence, and shows concern for her husband. Friendship is a strong variant of love in this play; it results in death and many consequences. The strongest impression of friendship is when Romeo avenges Mercutios death. Romeo and Mercutio were good friends. This is shown in their conversations. I thought all for the best. This is when Mercutio was stabbed and Romeo is saying how he tried to stop the fight. Romeo says this quotation as if he feels guilty and is trying to obtain forgiveness. There is a conflict here between love/loyalty to friends/relations and love for each other. Romeo and Juliets love is the most important in the play. When they first see each other they fall in love. From here on they make many references to love and death and a strange sense of tragedy to come. An example of this is after their night together, when Romeo must leave, Juliet says: Methinks I see thee, now thou art so low, As one dead in the bottom of a tomb. Either my eyesight fails, or thou lookest pale. This means that Juliet suddenly sees Romeo dead meaning a terrible tragedy is waiting to occur. Romeo and Juliet fall in love so instantly the audience will be unsure whether their love is true. It is not actually obvious whether it is true or not, but the ending may hold some answers. When Romeo finds Juliet dead he can see no other reason why he should live and Juliet feels the same when she wakes up to find Romeo dead. They kill themselves because the other is dead, but whether this is true love or they only think it is love, is not clear. In a way this does not matter, because the love is doomed. It is better that they die at the end of the play so it leaves the audience remembering the romance and passion and not the every day things. The dramatic irony of Romeo and Juliets love sets up tension for the audience in the beginning, showing love hand in hand with death. This makes their love special in the audiences view: I take thee at thy word. Call me but love, and Ill be new baptized. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. The consequences of love in this play, play a strong part in portraying the characters feelings. One such part is when Romeo has killed Tybalt and the consequence is Romeo being banished. This only happened because Romeo and Mercutio were good friends and Romeo had to take revenge. The consequence of the star-crossed lovers results in death for Romeo and Juliet, part of the dramatic irony for the audience. The party scene is where Romeo and Juliet first meet. This scene, I believe is one of the most important, as this is where their tragic end stems from. Is she a Capulet? O dear account! My life is my foes debt. This quotation is spoken by Romeo shortly after talking with Juliet. He says that his life is his enemys debt. His enemy is the Capulet family. When he finds out she is a Capulet his love for her reveals itself; otherwise her being a Capulet would not have worried him. The party scene is the scene that the audience dread. This is because they know their love will end in tragedy and so, they do not want Romeo and Juliet to meet. Thus with a kiss I die. There rust, and let me die. Romeo and Juliets last words, expressing desperation and last resort. The audience would feel emotional at the tragic end of the two star crossed lovers but realise how strong their love was. And there they die in Italy. Revenge, love and passion are the true cause of their love. For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo. The Prince rounds up the play and he emphasises how important Romeo and Juliets love was. Their love brought a new friendship between the Montagues and Capulets. Their love caused many misunderstanding, but it will always be remembered as a classic. A TRAGIC TALE OF WOE.

Aristotle's Concept of Happiness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Aristotle's Concept of Happiness - Essay Example Aristotle uses Nicomachean Ethics in his theory of happiness to defend the view he takes on happiness. He begins by creating a big illusion that all things aim at some good. By saying that all things aim at some good, Aristotle means that everything has some aim or end to be achieved and the restricted good which every activity intends to achieve actuates the nature of that activity. Aristotle gives an example of health and the practice of medicine, the main aim of medical science is to attain health for everyone and health is in itself a good. Therefore the aim of medical science is good. Activities carried out in the real world achieve something desirable otherwise they would not be practiced. According to Aristotle, activities are hierarchically related to other activities and ends to ends (Broadie 11). Some ends are therefore subordinate to others. Hedonists and non-hedonists would disagree on what is subordinate to what between virtue and pleasure. Aristotle’s approach fo cuses on subordination-relations to cover individuals with different ethical attitudes. Subordination-relations are apparent to all who appreciate how diverse activities in a society are organized and the fact that all these activities aim at some common good. Aristotle argues that some end is ultimate for an activity and concludes that the ultimate is the good and the best but some activities may lead to others or each to various ultimate ends. Broadie states that â€Å"what is ultimate is not uniquely supreme, but it seems logically and ethically harmless, there could be conflict not resoluble by argument since it might not always be possible to act for the sake of one end without passing up an opportunity to act for the sake of another† (14). Since realistic people can avoid having different ends becoming adversaries’, anarchy or imposition of unreasonable decisions can also be avoided. Aristotle argues that knowing if there is a best should come before deciding wha t is the best. For him identifying a knowledge or skill first cultivates a good identification of the object or end. As far as ethics is concerned, the good is happiness. Despite the fact that everyone is mainly concerned for his own happiness, Nicomachean ethics does not ascertain or presume that a person can or should seek only his own good. It rather concentrates on activities and crafts in general. Aristotle argues that to form good decisions and carry them out, individuals need to understand impulse and not just apply philosophical ethics. â€Å"Lectures on ethics cannot act up for moral discipline.† (Broadie 20). It is not just enough to believe in theory; practicing things believed is a sure way of making progress. There is need to desire and act in congruence to reason. Reason does not just refer to philosophical light gained through studying ethics but rather to a progressive pursuit of the good life. According to Broadie, the pursuit is realistic not just for being established from an understanding of principles but because a good life is the kind of good that can only be achieved if individuals place some desires as secondary to others (21). This gives an individual a sound mind to choose what to do and discard what he may have felt like doing. In

Finance & Public Expenditure in Scotland Since Devolution Essay

Finance & Public Expenditure in Scotland Since Devolution - Essay Example As an after effect of the constitutional change in UK, the distribution of revenue throughout the regional and territorial government in relation to its corresponding public expenditure was greatly affected. (McLean, 2003) In order to minimize and prevent an unfair distribution of UK revenue among the Enlish and British territories such as the Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, the need to examine the Barnett and the traditional Goschen formula used in the allocation of money to its corresponding territories arises. In line with the increasing concern over the use of Barnett and Goschen formula in the United Kingdom, the researcher will first conduct an in-depth analytical research study on the budgetary, financial arrangements, and public expenditure of Scotland including the impact of devolution over its finances. In the process, the researcher will discuss a brief history behind Scotland’s financial arrangements prior to devolution in 1999 including the application of the Goschen formula. The researcher will also provide an analytical description of the Barnett formula since its inception back in 1978 and subsequent revival in 1992. Eventually, the researcher will examine the strength and weaknesses of using the Barnett formula versus the Goschen formula. As stated in the third edition of the Statement of Funding Policy that was published by the Treasury back in July 2002, the financial arrangement between the United Kingdom and the Administration in Scotland follows the conventions for Scotland way back before the devolution. (Scotland Office, n.d.) Using the public expenditure framework controlled by the UK government, the HM Treasury allocates budget for the public expenditure of U.K., Scottish Executive, and Northern Ireland. The devolved Scotland administration normally receives a block grant. There are legally two components under a block grant known as the: (a) redistributed national non-domestic rates (NNDR); and (b) the Revenue Support

Illegal immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Illegal immigration - Essay Example However, such immigrations adversely affect the economy and society of the United States. The thesis statement for this paper is, ‘economics and social costs of illegal immigration outweigh the number of associated benefits’. Social and Economic Cost of Illegal Immigration Illegal immigrations put a damaging impact on the economy of a country. Some of the main effects on the economy of a country due to large-scale illegal immigrations include increased poverty, less job opportunities for local people, and decreased foreign investment because of increased fear of crimes in immigrant-populated areas. Immigrants are cutting down the wage levels for local Americans (Porter, n. p.). Reports show that many companies in the United States prefer to hire illegal immigrants because they are willing to work for low salaries as compared to the salaries that local people demand. Such situations result in decreasing the number of job opportunities for local people because companies fi ll many job positions with people who demand less money in exchange for job and confidentiality about their legal status in the country. Such situations also cause an increase in the graph of poverty in a country because when local people will not have jobs, they will face shortage of money, and their spending power will decrease as well. Overpopulation in the host country is also an effect of illegal immigrations. The demand and supply system also gets affected due to illegal immigrations because economic analysts cannot count the presence of illegal people accurately. In the United States, increase in the number of crimes is also associated with large-scale illegal immigrations. Some percentage of illegal immigrants start engaging in criminal activities when they do not get proper job opportunities even in the developed countries. Increased drug trafficking in the United States is also associated with large-scale illegal immigrations. As Go states, â€Å"the US suffers an annual loss of about 70 billion dollars due to drug-related illnesses, death, and drug related crimes.† Along with high economic impact, crimes and violence also affect the society. Crimes cause threat and terror in the minds of local people because of which they start thinking negatively about all immigrants. Benefits of Illegal Immigration Although there are no apparent benefits of illegal immigrations, if we analyze the positive effects of presence of illegal immigrants deeply, we come to know that they do play a little part in keeping the system running. For example, they do low profile jobs from which legal citizens usually keep themselves away, such as, sanitary jobs, waiter jobs, and petrol filling worker jobs. Illegal immigrants do such jobs to earn their livings by hiding themselves from the law enforcement agencies. As Mauriello states, â€Å"one of the perceived benefits of illegal immigration is that of filling in of low wage jobs that a regular American would not be wil ling to accept.† Rights of Illegal Immigrants Basic rights of a person remain the same wherever a person lives and in whatever way a person arrives to the other country. In the U.S. constitution, the Fifth, Sixth and Fourteenth Amendments protect the basic rights of all individuals living in the United States. The law grants protection to every individual and applies law for illegal immigrants. Although illegal immigrants

Effects of Redbull on Performance of Male Athletes

Effects of Redbull on Performance of Male Athletes Executive Summary Consumption of supplements and energy drinks has become a norm among athletes now. However, there are different studies in support as well as against the energy drink consumption for athletes, on whether it has a positive effect on the performance or not. The aim of this research was to investigate the acute effects of an energy drink (Red Bull) on the performance difference levels in male athletes. Thirty male athletes were selected from different backgrounds to participate in this study.. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups; Group A (experimental) Group B (non-experimental). Measurements of their running times were taken and the average was calculated. In the second session, group A was given an intake of 250 ml of Red Bull energy drink, while all the members of group B were not given any energy drink. The experiment was carried out again. The differences between the teams as well as between the two sessions were taken into account. Introduction Although in recent years, athletes have improved their performance levels, they share  the same quest with their historical counterparts: success and victory at the Olympic  Games. So every time, very different methods were tried by athletes to achieve this aim. In this way, consumption of energy drinks by athletes has become increasingly popular. Athletes believe that energy drinks can be used to enhance their performance during  training and competition due to their potentially ergogenic ingredients such as carbohydrates, caffeine, sodium and taurine, among others. Background Energy drinks have become more and more popular since the late nineties. The manufactures claim that these drinks improve physical endurance, reaction speed and concentration. The main ingredients of energy drinks are caffeine, sugar, taurine and glucuronolactone. According to the manufacturers, the stimulating effects of these drinks are due to interaction between the various ingredients. Sport drink consumption is recommended for most sports and not all of the sport beverages are the same. They differ in type and concentration of carbohydrates, electrolytes, flavors and other constituents. Some simply replace carbohydrates and electrolytes; others provide added protein, specific amino acids, and even fat, while still others provide herbs, vitamins, and caffeine. Literature Review Energy or power drinks (e.g., Battery, B52, Dark Dog, Jess, Red Bat, Red Bull,  Rhinos) are beverages designed and consumed for purposes other than for improving  athletic performance: for instance, to reduce the depressant effects of alcohol on the central nervous system. On the other hand, sports and fluid-electrolyte replacement beverages (e.g., Gatorade, Powerade) are designed and consumed to enhance athletic performance or to reduce the deleterious effects of dehydration during athletic competitions (Carvajal- Sancho, Moncada- Jimà ©nez, 2005). It should be noted that, although energy drinks have been sold worldwide for more  than a decade, unfortunately only a few studies have apparently been published to test the  effectiveness of these beverages on the physical or cognitive performance in athletes (Alford, Cox, Wescott, 2001; Baum Weib, 2001; Carvajal- Sancho Moncada-Jimà ©nez, 2005). So far, no data is available in regard to the effectiveness these beverages on anaerobic power and the delay of blood lactate accumulation. Some scientific studies with similar topics will cited later on. Nevertheless, in most  cases, their topics were not directly related to anaerobic power or delaying blood lactate  accumulation. Alford et al. (2001) investigating the effects of an energy drink (Red Bull) on  psychomotor, anaerobic and aerobic performance (anaerobic performance was measured  by a 20s cycle ergometer test), reported that the Red Bull group improved aerobic and  anaerobic performance by 9% and 24%, respectively. Similarly, Carvajal- Sancho   Moncada- Jimà ©nez (2005) studied the acute effect of an energy drink on physical  performance (100 m sprint, hand dynamometer and standing long jump) and indicated no significant changes in physical and cognitive variables. In another research, the influence  of a multivitamin/mineral supplement on anaerobic exercise performance (a 30-second  cycle sprint test and one set of squat exercise) was studied by Fry et al. (2006) and a decreased rate of fatigue was noted for both exercise tests. In addition, Olson and Seifert (2004) carried out a study to determine if consumption of a carbohydrate-protein drink could improve skating performance. The results showed that, in the experimental group, speed performance improved by 8% and reaction time improved by 12%. Kipp et al.(2003) also investigated the influence of a carbohydrate/protein sports drink on soccer sprint performance (four speed trials with 5 min of rest in between). In the carb-protein group, speed was improved between the first and last sprints by 1.1 seconds, while the other group slowed down by 2.2 seconds. There are many types of energy drinks which can be purchased over the counter by  everyone and their producers have claimed a variety of benefits in their advertisements. In the case of an intensively working skeletal muscle, this means a delay in the fall in  intramuscular pH to the critical level at which glycolysis is inhibited (Oo ¨pik et al., 2003; MacDougall et al., 1991). On the other hand, with regard to controversial reports about the effects of alkalinizing agents in the case of acute administration (Stout Antonio, 2002; Aschenbach et al., 2000; Bishop et al., 2004; Marx et al., 2002; McNaughton et al., 1999; Ball and Maughan, 1997; Wilkes et al., 1983), it is unclear whether the consumption of energy drinks can have such effects. PROBLEM STATEMENT Does the intake of Red Bull (energy drink) effect athletic performance of male athletes or not? Energy drinks are believed and marketed in a way to show that they enhance mental and athletic performance. Therefore, the concern of our research has been to find out whether the ingredients of one of the most used energy drink (Red Bull) effect the metabolism of human body in such a way that there in an increase in the physical athletic performance or not. Theoretical Frame Work Dependant Variable: Athletic Performance Independent Variable Red Bull Intervening Variable Uneven tracks, diseases to the athletes. Uneven tracks can be a big factor which can be controlled by carefully selecting an even and smooth running track. While the intervening variable of diseases to the athletes can be taken care of in the athlete selection process. In the initial questionnaire results, the athletes with some serious health disorders can be filtered out. Hypothesis The researcher intends to test the following hypothesis using their research: Alternative Hypothesis (HA) There is a relation between the intake of Red Bull with the athletic performance of male athletes. Null Hypothesis (Ho) There is no relation between the intake of Red Bull with the athletic performance of male athletes. The Theoretical Framework Performance of Athletes/Players Intake of Red Bull Independent Variable Dependent Variable Uneven track Diseases Intervening Variables Methodology The name of the research methodology is non-manipulative as in our research we have control on our independent variables and it is a field experiment. Participants: In order to be eligible to participate in the study, subjects had to meet the following inclusion criteria which were obtained by means of a questionnaire: a) to train/play for at least four days per week (approximately 30 min in each session); b) not to be on medication or nutritional supplementation; and c) not to consume energy drinks regularly. Potential participants were excluded from the study if they: a) presented psychiatric or neurological diseases; b) were sensitive to any ingredient contained in the energy drink; c) were under any nutritional supplementation regimen that included either caffeine, sugar, taurine and glucuronolactone; e) had evident cardiac problems. Thirty regular male football players (age: 24.34 ±1.74years, height: 183.26 ±7.66 cm, weight: 81.37 ±6.85 kg) volunteered to participate in this study. The volunteers read and signed an informed consent form with a medical history questionnaire before beginning the study. Then, the nature of the study was explained to the subjects, and they were given an opportunity to ask questions about anything that was unclear. APPARATUS We used questionnaire as our research tool for the initial screening of athletes. While stethoscope and blood pressure sphingo-meter apparatus were used to measure the heartbeat and blood pressure respectively. A stop watch was used to note down the sprint timings. PROCEDURE Procedure: The aim of this research was to investigate the acute effects of an energy drink (Red Bull) on the performance difference levels in male athletes. Thirty regular male athletes (soccer players) (age: 25.34 ±1.74years, height: 182.26 ±7.66 cm, weight: 78.37 ±6.85 kg and BF%: 13.2 ±2.7%) were selected from different backgrounds to participate in this study. This research was conducted on two separate sessions with four days of rest in between. Two experimental conditions were tested: a) control (no drink); b) energy drink. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups; Group A (experimental) Group B (non-experimental). In the first session, both the groups were assigned to run on a 100m track without any liquid intake. Measurements of their running times were taken and the average was calculated. In the second session, group A was given an intake of 250 ml of Red Bull energy drink, while all the members of group B were not given any energy drink. The experiment was carried out again. The differences between the teams as well as between the two sessions were taken into account. One week before the data collection took place. The participants were instructed on how to perform the whole experiment and underwent a familiarization session. The subjects were instructed to avoid alcohol, nicotine and other stimulants and also avoid strenuous activities and sudden changes in food consumption (including any nutritional supplementation products) the day before the experiment. In addition, they were asked to maintain regular physical activities during the days prior to the experiment, as recommended by Carvajal-Sancho and Moncada-Jimà ©nez (2005). Moreover, they were asked to wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing and get an adequate amount of sleep (6 to 8 hours) the night before the test (Byars et al., 2006). The clothing, shoes, as well as all equipment used, were consistent for each subject and were recorded to establish controlled experimental conditions. APPARATUS VALIDITY Apparatuses used in our study were stethoscope, blood pressure apparatus (sphino-meter), stop-watch, pen and paper. The heartbeat rate (bpm) was measured with the help of stethoscope, blood pressure with the help of blood pressure apparatus and the running time were measured by the stop watch. The apparatus was duly checked by the hospital authorities and confirmed to be in valid functional conditions. RESULTS The results show that the group A, after the intake of Red Bull energy drink did show an almost negligible good performance, thus not supporting the hypothesis. The experiments, apart from giving out the main results also gave some very interesting facts. For example; Group A (experimental) showed increase in the time to exhaustion, which is ultimately related to the ingredients of Red Bull. Hence, we will select, HA(alternative): There is a relation between the intake of Red Bull with the athletic performance of male athletes. As it is clear to see the difference through the results. This proves that after the intake of Red Bull, the athletic performance increases. Discussion The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Red Bull energy drink on the performance of male athletes. Results of this study indicated that ingestion of Red Bull prior to exercise testing is effective on the athletes performance. In the present study it was observed that Red Bull energy drink caused an 11.78% decrease in the blood pressure and a 15.86% increase in the heartbeat rate (bpm). The 100m sprint performance time in the group A(experimental group) showed improvement, even after repetitive attempts. Potentially, caffeine could have a number of actions that affect skeletal and heart muscle. It can increase sympathetic activity, and has direct intracellular action. The increase in heartbeat rate (bpm) may be attributed to ingredients such as caffeine,taurine, glucuronolacton. Caffeine has been shown to have desirable effects for performing athletes fighting fatigue and increasing energy. The stimulant effect of caffeine could make it effective for increasing alertness while performing in a fatigued state. Taurine is also famous to aid in the contractile function of skeletal muscle and for providing increased ability of the muscle to contract, amplifying muscle force generation. In this study it was found that Red Bull energy drink caused up to 10.5% increase in time to exhaustion. However the previous researches and the current results, both support the fact that the ingestion of Red Bull energy drink does not have a significant enough impact on the performance of athletes, that it be strongly recommended to athletes for increased and better performance. No reports were identified of negative effects associated with the amount of taurine found in most energy drinks. Commonly reported adverse effects seen with caffeine in the quantities present in most energy drinks are insomnia, nervousness, headache, and tachycardia. Four documented case reports of caffeine-associated deaths were found, as well as four separate cases of seizures associated with the consumption of energy drinks. Acknowledgements First of all thanks to Allah Almighty who blessed me the strength and devotion to complete this research. I would thank my college fellow Adil Khan, who has helped me in the selection of the male athlete subjects. I would also like to thank Haider Behzad who helped me immensely with the research work. Moreover, I am also very thankful to all the people, who were part of the research and gave me their precious time. Without their help, it wouldnt have been possible to complete this research project. AND LAST BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY, I would like to thank my instructor, my mentor for the course, Mr. Humair Hashmi for pushing me forward, motivating me with his masterly tactics and enabling me to carry out the research in a professional manner. Appendix The sample of the questionnaire is below; INSTRUCTIONS KINDLY ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS MARK ONLY ONE OPTION IN THE SEGMENT OF ANSWERS NAME:______________ AGE:_____________ Q1> How many days do you exercise in a week? 4days 5days 6days Q2> Do you use any kind of drugs? Yes No Q3> Your preference towards exercise/workout? Gym Swimming Soccer Running Q4> Do you carry any breathing disease or any major disease? Yes No Q5> Do you use any kind of supplements? Yes No

Salvador Dali :: essays research papers

Salvador Dali was born on May 11, 1904. He was a leader in the new movement of art in the early 20th century called Surrealism. In 1921 Dali studied at the San Fernando Acadamy of Fine Arts in Madrid. Here he was able to associate and learn from such Spanish modernists as Fedrico Garcia Lorca, and Luis Bundel. He also was influenced by Italian futurists and the metaphysical paintings of Giorgio de Chirico. In his early works, however, Dali gave credit to his own Catalan sense of fantasy and his megalomania as being his true motivating forces. Dali left the San Fernando Acadamy of Fine Arts in 1926, and move to Paris where he frequented the Cafe Cyrano, which was the ÒheadquartersÓ of the Parisan surrealists. In 1929 Cafe Cyrano featured an exhibit of DaliÕs own surrealist paintings. Dali was also fascinated with the writings of psychologist Sigmund Freud. He was so moved by FruedÕs theory that he subsequently vowed to his lifeÕs ambition to Òsystemize confusionÓ. Dali is best known for his surrealist works. Surrealism is an art style in which imagery is based on fantasy and the world of dreams. It is thought have grown out of the French literary movement in the 1920Õs and has itÕs roots in Dadaism. These painters developed a dreamlike, or hallucinatory, imagery that was all the more startling for its highly realistic rendering. Some of DaliÕs better known paintings are: ÒPersistence Of MemoryÓ also know popularly as ÒSoft WatchesÓ (1931), and ÒThe Sacrament Of The Last SupperÓ (1955). These Paintings have become part of the definitive record of 20th Century art. Dali used many mediums to illustrate his inspirations. His most popular of course are his paintings, but he also used such media as jewelry, advertisements, beer-bottle designs, ballet sets, and costumes. Dali also experimented his talents in film as well. In 1928 he and childhood mentor Luis Bundel produced the famous surrealist film ÒUn Chein AndalouÓ (An Salvador Dali :: essays research papers Salvador Dali was born on May 11, 1904. He was a leader in the new movement of art in the early 20th century called Surrealism. In 1921 Dali studied at the San Fernando Acadamy of Fine Arts in Madrid. Here he was able to associate and learn from such Spanish modernists as Fedrico Garcia Lorca, and Luis Bundel. He also was influenced by Italian futurists and the metaphysical paintings of Giorgio de Chirico. In his early works, however, Dali gave credit to his own Catalan sense of fantasy and his megalomania as being his true motivating forces. Dali left the San Fernando Acadamy of Fine Arts in 1926, and move to Paris where he frequented the Cafe Cyrano, which was the ÒheadquartersÓ of the Parisan surrealists. In 1929 Cafe Cyrano featured an exhibit of DaliÕs own surrealist paintings. Dali was also fascinated with the writings of psychologist Sigmund Freud. He was so moved by FruedÕs theory that he subsequently vowed to his lifeÕs ambition to Òsystemize confusionÓ. Dali is best known for his surrealist works. Surrealism is an art style in which imagery is based on fantasy and the world of dreams. It is thought have grown out of the French literary movement in the 1920Õs and has itÕs roots in Dadaism. These painters developed a dreamlike, or hallucinatory, imagery that was all the more startling for its highly realistic rendering. Some of DaliÕs better known paintings are: ÒPersistence Of MemoryÓ also know popularly as ÒSoft WatchesÓ (1931), and ÒThe Sacrament Of The Last SupperÓ (1955). These Paintings have become part of the definitive record of 20th Century art. Dali used many mediums to illustrate his inspirations. His most popular of course are his paintings, but he also used such media as jewelry, advertisements, beer-bottle designs, ballet sets, and costumes. Dali also experimented his talents in film as well. In 1928 he and childhood mentor Luis Bundel produced the famous surrealist film ÒUn Chein AndalouÓ (An

Building Deep Supplier Relationships

Toyota and Honda have been able to establish close cooperative relationships with suppliers by following six individual steps. Toyota and Honda understand how their suppliers work. They turn supplier rivalry into opportunity. The companies supervise their vendors to ensure their specific needs are met. Furthermore, they develop their suppliers technical capabilities by investing in the company, but making it back exponentially in the long run. Also, Toyota and Honda share information.However, they do this both intensively but selectively to maximize the benefits of sharing information, but keeping important information in house that they don’t want to leak. Finally, the two companies conduct joint improvement undertakings, which leads to common goals for both themselves and the suppliers. The U. S. â€Å"Big Three† automakers have not been similarly successful in building close relationships with suppliers as they have a much more adversarial relationship with their sup pliers compared to Toyota and Honda.The Big Three don’t develop a level of trust with their suppliers, which makes good relationships increasingly difficult. The Big Three are very confrontational, using technology to create bidding wars. One could say that the Big Three are â€Å"at war† with their suppliers. U. S. suppliers may still have concerns regarding some of the efforts of the Japanese manufactures. First of all, these suppliers still value the business of the Big Three, even if they are more hostile to deal with.Working with the Japanese could put the supplier’s other relationships in jeopardy. Also, the suppliers may not fully trust Honda and Toyota, which makes it difficult building closer relationships. The companies demand a lot from their suppliers. Their expectations are really high. Because of this, there is an expectation of the suppliers to perform at a very high level, one that may be hard to achieve on a consistent basis. One successful U. S . manufacturing firm has been Apple Inc.Apple has relationships with many different suppliers. These relationships are very secretive. Apple, like Honda and Toyota, demands a lot from its suppliers, and treats them well in return. Apple’s mandate for secrecy puts great pressure on its suppliers not to have any leaks in the company. Like Honda and Toyota, Apple uses rivalry as opportunity, shares information, and supervises their suppliers to make sure their products are being manufactured exactly to their specifications.

Evolving The Gangster Genre Essays

Evolving The Gangster Genre Essays Evolving The Gangster Genre Paper Evolving The Gangster Genre Paper Essay Topic: Film Pulp Fiction The word Genre is used in film to describe and categorize the different types of films that have certain elements that make them the same as the other films that would fit into that genre. The audience of the films should be able to recognise what the genre is through the way the characters act during the film, the certain places that its set in, and the actors chosen. These are the code and conventions that make a genre film. There are different types of genre like Horror, Comedy, Sci-fi, etc, but a popular one is the gangster genre. This genre includes many classic films of the genre such as Public Enemy (W. Wellman, US, 1931), Ones that you think might be a bit of a parody on the genre such as Goodfellas (M. Scorsese, US, 1991) and the films that completely question whether it should even be part of the genre like Pulp Fiction (Q. Tarantino, US, 1994). However, all 3 of these films, use the same codes and conventions, which put them all together in the gangster genre, even though these three films are completely different When I think of a film within the gangster genre movie I think of things like lots of bloody and gory violence, machine guns, the expensive cars, and the mafia family. I also think of two main characters that take themselves from the bottom of the society food chain, and work their way up to be one of the top gangster in the family. The gang or gangs in every different film will always have a don who runs the gang overall. As part of one of the main codes and conventions for gangster films, revenge always plays a big part. There is never a happy ending in any gangster film. At least one of the anti-heroes ends ups dieing at the end or during the course of the film. Most films in the gangster genre are set in cities like Chicago, New York, etc and normally have the characters exposing the myth of the American dream by showing that you dont have to stick to the rules to get rich, and lead a good life quickly. In gangster films we see the actors that we look as gangster actors today such as Robert DeNiro. The narrative structure in a gangster film would be the same structure that every other film made would have. It would have equilibrium to start off with, followed by a dis-equilibrium which is the middle of the film and then end it with the new equilibrium. The first gangster film that we watched was Public Enemy. When you watch the film, you immediately know you are watching a gangster film because all of the basic codes and conventions that are used within the genre. It is set in the city of Chicago, and through most of the film you see the illegal dealings that you associate with the gangster films. In the public enemys case it the dealing of alcohol due to the fact that the film is set in the time where the prohibition in America was around. The Public Enemy boasts one of the biggest gangster stars to ever appear in a gangster film called James Cagney who plays the role of one of the main characters, Tom Powers. What makes Public Enemy different to the two other films (Goodfellas, and Pulp Fiction) that is that the main character Tom Powers is a very violent man and cannot stay settled down to one women at a time, as you see throughout the film when he jumps between two women. Public Enemy is not an Italian gangster film like most of the audience would expect before they sit to watch it. The gang members are mostly Irish, which shows they used to timing correctly when they made this film because at the time the film is set, the Irish were at the bottom of society in America, because they were the immigrants and had to do the things we see in the film, to give themselves power. The director also shows the Irish descent of the gangsters because Powers and Doyle are typical Irish names and their Irish descent is mentioned near the beginning of the film. The Public Enemy also exposes the myth of the American dream in great detail. They do this when they show Mike (Tommys brother) getting married working hard in the army and earning very little money whereas we have Tommy who purposely breaks the law and does no hard work whatsoever, yet hes earning a lot of money. Because of Tom doing this all through the film, it is giving the impression that he is telling the audience that you can get a job but you will have to work hard and never earn anything as much as you would being in a gangster movement through lying to people, robbing people, and performing heists. But what it doesnt say is that theres always a massive consequence if you choose the life that Tom and Matt chose. You see this at the end of the film when first off all Matt is killed by the rival gang, and as Tom goes to seek out revenge, he is beaten up, then kidnapped from the hospital and killed. This also shows the death of the anti-hero code that goes together with the gangster genre. The second film that we watched was Goodfellas which (in a lot of ways) is very similar to Public Enemy. Like Public Enemy, we have a character called Tom (played By Joe Pesci). He is very similar to the Tom from Public Enemy because they are both very violent and unhinged figures in both films and both of them are murdered at the end of each film. Tommy in Goodfellas is not one of the two main characters that you get in gangster films. However, he does play one of the most important parts in the film because he is so unpredictable. The film is set around two Irish Americans, Henry Hill (Ray Liotta) and Jimmy Conway (Robert DeNiro). Both Henry (Goodfellas) and Tommy (Public Enemy) show no remorse when it comes to women. You see this when they both cheat on their partners and show violence towards them as well, and both have very similar childhoods where both films show them in their past getting beatings from their fathers. This gives out the message that they were bound to live for committing crimes. The main focus in both films (Public Enemy and Goodfellas) is that the main characters are part of the surrogate or the gang family that Tommy and Henry are both adopted into at a young age and that their lives subsequently belong to those families. As you would expect in the gangster film, there are illegal substances being shipped around in Goodfellas as there was in Public Enemy, the only difference is that in Goodfellas it is cocaine and in Public Enemy it was alcohol. Both of the main characters when the join their gangs are introduced to the group of gangsters and are told and shown how you have to work your way up the gang hierarchy. The don or the gangs leader acts as the second father to both Henry in Goodfellas and Tommy in Public Enemy. A massive similarity between Goodfellas and Public Enemy is that both main characters have brothers called Mike. It is things like this that we can use to back ourselves up when the point of Scorsese basing some of Goodfellas on Public Enemy comes into play. However, Goodfellas does have its differences. For example the film starts at a point thats also shown half way through in Goodfellas. But with Goodfellas, its a good way to start as it is a big part in the film where everything starts to go wrong and the fortunes change for Jimmy and Henry. However, after they do that, it does go back to the beginning to show the audience how they got into that situation and how they get out of it. Scorsese plays with the order of the film, by putting the dis-equilibrium at the start to keep the audience interested and make them want to watch to see how they got into that situation, and to make them think and get involved with the film. Goodfellas is set around the typical mafia family that you would expect to see in gangster films. As you see near the start, Henry messes his women about and cheats on them but eventually he settles down and marries Karen which you dont see with Tom in Public Enemy. In Goodfellas, our main character does not die but because he tells on his fellow gang members, he is forced to live in secrecy which because of this, it is as if he is dead, because he cant contact anybody from his previous life as a gangster. In Goodfellas, Henry is shown to be the nice guy gangster as he is really not into killing people and we see this in the scene with one of the other gangsters in the boot of the car. Henry steps back as the other two gangsters stab and finish the body off. At one point in the film, we get Karens point of view which shows a shift in representation and treatment of women from the 1930s in Public Enemy to the 1990s in Goodfellas. Also, in Goodfellas there are a lot more bent law enforcement people ranging from policemen through to lawyers, judges and also prison officers. You can still say that Goodfellas as a gangster film even though there are a lot of differences between the Public Enemy and Goodfellas. You can see that things used in a documentary are used throughout for example the voice over, and the freeze frames. There is also a sense with Goodfellas that Scorsese makes fun of the gangster genre with mockery and the fact that they are so well off they buy things even though they are tacky and horrible for example the T. V. area that turns around that Harry and Karen buy during the film, and with the name Jimmy two times because he ends sentences by saying the same word twice. Scorsese also puts a lot of upbeat music some shocking violence; this gives the impression that it is not such a big deal to kill someone in that kind of lifestyle. Also with the character Tommy we can see that the character is happy to kill anyone he can, so Scorsese is tries to make us happy and feel easier that the mafia is killing people in his film. The final film that we sat, watched and studied was Pulp Fiction. Pulp fiction is not like any of the other gangster films and some, may even say that you cant really class it as a gangster film. I personally think you can class it as part of the gangster genre; I think this because you can see that is doesnt have many things in common with classic gangster films like Public Enemy and Goodfellas which is what is good about the film, because it makes it completely different from the other gangster films, which would make fans of the genre want to sit down and watch it. Like Public Enemy and Goodfellas it has the basic elements of violence and guns, and has the main characters in men in suits, but hat makes them different are the fact that you can tell they are not expensive suits, because they look so tacky. And also another basic element with gangster films, are illegal substances, but this time they are getting used for personal use instead of being sold of to others by the gangsters. The gang has another don style character who is called Marsellus Wallace. There is also a revenge factor with Butch getting back at Marsellus. And just like Public Enemy our anti-hero, Vince, is killed. But for every similarity Pulp Fiction has with Goodfellas and Public Enemy there are also the differences that make it a completely different film. Tarantino plays mainly with the narrative structure of Pulp Fiction. By doing this he leaves the audience confused but thinking about what is going on and what is going to happen. He also has put multiple narrative structures into the film which focuses on the different characters. The reason Tarantino does this is because he knows that his own gangster film can be so much different from the likes of Goodfellas, and Public Enemy. Tarantino also plays with the basic codes and conventions that you would expect to be in a gangster film. A prime example of him doing this is when he puts in a happy ending which is not common in the gangster genre, because with gangsters you never expect a happy ending. There is no money making schemes at all in the film and we dont see any illegal substances being sold to other dealers. In another uncommon scene we see a different way as to how women in gangster films are shown with Mia Wallace (Uma Thurmann) being powerful and the subject of a rumour that is going around that makes Vince fear for her when he takes her out as a favour for Marcellus and also when she overdoses on the drugs she finds in his jacket pocket. I dont think that any of the 3 films I have descried are the same because I have shown so many differences between each of them, that in my opinion, can swing anyones views on these 3 films if they thought differently to me. I know that they are very different from eachother, because if every film of its genre was the same, then I wouldnt want to watch them because I would know what is going to happen and it would become boring. Also because of the changes in society that happen every single day, it would become very hard to make the same film because we see the changes that are representing the social groups such as women so if we were to make a film like Public Enemy, It would come under a lot of criticism because of what happens in public enemy when it comes to women, and it wouldnt happen nowadays to women. However, the similarities between the 3 films are needed so we can categorize them into the gangster genre but we also need differences to tell the genres apart and also to tell the films apart, so the films end up making us feel familiar with the genre that its part of, but at the same time, gives us some original ideas that could also help us define it as a gangster film, and the audience also like to be able to know what is going to happen in the film but at the same time they want to have the element of surprise that most of the time actually ends up making the film as good as its meant to be.

Supporting Hearing-Impaired Students in Classrooms

Supporting Hearing-Impaired Students in Classrooms Children suffer from hearing loss for a variety of reasons. Genetic factors, illnesses, accidents, problems in a pregnancy (rubella, for instance), complications during birth and several early childhood illnesses, such as mumps or measles, have been found to contribute to hearing loss. Signs of hearing problems include: turning the ear toward the noise, favoring one ear over another, lack of follow through with directions or instructions, seeming distracted and or confused. Other signs of hearing loss in children include turning the television up too loud, delayed speech or unclear speech, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. But the CDC also points out that signs and symptoms of hearing loss differ in each person. A hearing screening or test can assess hearing loss. â€Å"Hearing loss can affect a child’s ability to develop speech, language, and social skills. The earlier children with hearing loss start getting services, the more likely they are to reach their full potential,† the CDC states. â€Å"If you are a parent and you suspect your child has hearing loss, trust your instincts and speak with your child’s doctor.† Hearing-impaired children have a higher risk of developing language-processing difficulties. If left unchecked, these children can have trouble keeping up in class. But this doesn’t have to be the case. Teachers can employ a number of methods to prevent hearing-impaired children from being left behind in school. Strategies for Teachers of Hearing-Impaired Students Here are 10 strategies teachers can use to help hearing-impaired children. They’ve been adapted from the  United Federation of Teachers website. Make sure hearing-impaired students wear amplification devices, such as a frequency modulated (FM) unit that will connect to a microphone for you to wear. â€Å"The FM device allows your voice to be heard directly by the student,† according to the UFT website.Use the child’s residual hearing, as the total hearing loss is rare.Allow hearing-impaired students to sit where they think best, as sitting close to the teacher will help the child to better understand the context of your words by observing your facial expressions.Don’t shout. If the child is already wearing an FM device, your voice will be amplified, as it is.Give interpreters copies of lessons in advice. This will help the interpreter prep the student for the vocabulary used in the lesson.Focus on the child, not the interpreter. Teachers do not need to give interpreters directions to give to the child. The interpreter will relay your words without being asked.Only speak while facing forward. Do not speak with your back to hearing impaired children. They need to see your face for context and visual cues. Enhance lessons with visuals, as hearing impaired children tend to be visual learners.Repeat words, directions, and activities.Make every lesson language-oriented. Have a print-rich classroom with labels on the objects inside.